Organic Computing für eine intelligente Agrartechnik: Perspektive und Fallstudie
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15150/ae.2025.3331Abstract
Organic Computing (OC) ist ein Paradigma für den Entwurf von intelligenten technischen Systemen, die in komplexen Echtweltumgebungen agieren sollen. OC setzt dabei einen Fokus auf natursinspirierte Mechanismen und zielt darauf ab, die zugrundeliegenden Prinzipien auf komplexe technische Systeme zu übertragen, um diese mit lebensähnlichen Eigenschaften wie Intelligenz, Flexibilität, Robustheit sowie Selbstorganisationsfähigkeit auszustatten. In der Agrartechnik werden hoch-automatisierte und autonome technische Systeme für eine nachhaltige Produktion landwirtschaftlicher Erzeugnisse entwickelt, welche zuverlässig unter dynamischen Echtweltbedingungen funktionieren müssen. Je weiter diese Technologien automatisiert und mit Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) versehen werden, desto mehr Komponenten mit Anwendung von Informationstechnologie müssen über verschiedene Systemebenen miteinander interagieren, was die Komplexität des Gesamtsystems weiter erhöht. In diesem Artikel analysieren wir die Eignung von OC für den Entwurf von intelligenten agrartechnischen Systemen. In einer Fallstudie wenden wir einen OC-Ansatz für die Optimierung der sekundären Bodenbearbeitung an. Wir berichten von vielversprechenden empirischen Ergebnissen einer entwickelten mehrschichtigen Systemarchitektur für die Umsetzung einer intelligenten Traktorsteuerung unter Einsatz moderner KI-Methoden.
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