Brennstoffzellen-elektrischer Traktor FCTRAC: Fahrzeugaufbau und -architektur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15150/ae.2024.3315Abstract
Nachhaltige Landwirtschaft erfordert Alternativen zu fossilen Kraftstoffen. Das FCTRAC-Projekt liefert einen Beitrag zur Kreislaufwirtschaft und konzentriert sich auf emissionsfreie Lösungen. Ein brennstoffzellen-elektrischer Traktor mit 95 kW, abgeleitet von einem Dieselmodell (STEYR 4130 Expert CVT), wurde entwickelt. Er integriert Kernkomponenten wie ein 700-Bar-Wasserstoffspeichersystem, eine Brennstoffzelle, einen elektrischen Antrieb und eine Hochvoltbatterie. Die Nutzung bestehender Antriebstechnologien minimiert die Kosten und Entwicklungsrisiken des Projektes. Das Fahrzeug verfügt über eine vergleichbare Leistung, optimale Sicht sowie eine Einzelgenehmigung für den Straßeneinsatz. Diese Arbeit beschreibt die Fahrzeugarchitektur, den Aufbau sowie die wesentlichen Integrationsherausforderungen und fördert die Entwicklung emissionsfreier Landmaschinen.
Literaturhinweise
AGCO GmbH (2017): Fendt e100 Vario: The battery-powered compact tractor. Press release 8 September 2017, https://msc.fendt.com/modules/create_pdf/pdf2/7269_web_en-US_2024-03-06_14-13-44.pdf, accessed on 15 March 2024
AGCO GmbH (2023): Fendt shows first hydrogen tractor at German Hydrogen Summit. Press release 27 February 2023, https://msc.fendt.com/modules/create_pdf/pdf2/25089_web_en_2024-03-12_11-09-30.pdf, accessed on 15 March 2024
Back, P.; Hodel, B.; Pirro, P.; Stark, W. (2011): Replication of the DLG PowerMix Tractor Fuel Consumption Test in a Laboratory Environment. In: Agricultural Engineering, Conference Land.Technik AgEng 2011: solutions for intelligent and sustainable farming, VDI-Bericht Nr. 2124, Düsseldorf, VDI-Verlag, pp. 209–216
Böhrnsen, A. (2023): Neuer 100-kW-Elektro-Traktor von Tadus. Profi, https://www.profi.de/aktuell/aktuelle-meldungen/neuer-100-kw-elektro-traktor-von-tadus-31143.html, accessed on 15 March 2024
Breu, W.; Pichlmaier, B. (2017): Electrified Utility Tractor. In: 75th International Conference on Agricultural Engineering, VDI-MEG, 10–11 November 2017, Hanover, VDI Verlag GmbH, pp. 9–14, https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181023006
CEMA (2022): The role of agricultural machinery in decarbonising agriculture. https://www.cema-agri.org/images/publications/position-papers/CEMA_decarbonising_agriculture_27-04-22.pdf, accessed on 15 March 2024
CNH Industrial America LLC (2023): FARMALL UTILITY 75C ELECTRIC TRACTOR, CIH23081601. https://cnhi-p-001-delivery.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/5fde91d7b1cf4223b34039279b86348c?v=c66c2707, accessed on 15 March 2024
CNH Industrial N.V. (2019): STEYR showcases future farming technology with its STEYR Konzept – a hybrid powered concept tractor. Press release 11 November 2019, https://www.cnh.com/-/media/CNHi/cnhicorporate/media/press_releases/2019/november/STEYR-showcases-future-farming-technology-with-its-STEYR-Konzept-a-hybrid-powered-concept-tractor/20191111_PR_CNH_Industrial_STEYR_Concept.pdf?rev=-1, accessed on 15 March 2024
CNH Industrial N.V. (2021): New Holland Agriculture drives forward its sustainable agenda. Press release 23 February 2021, https://newhollandpresskit.btsadv.com/download/nh_presskit/doc/NH_PR02_Clean_Energy_Leader_INB.pdf, accessed on 15 March 2024
CNH Industrial N.V. (2022a): New Holland Agriculture debuts world´s first LNG tractor. Press release 9 December 2022, https://preview.thenewsmarket.com/Previews/CNHA/DocumentAssets/630590.pdf, accessed on 15 March 2024
CNH Industrial N.V. (2022b): CNH Industrial presents first electric tractor prototype with autonomous features. Press release 9 December 2022, https://preview.thenewsmarket.com/Previews/CNHA/DocumentAssets/630670.pdf, accessed on 15 March 2024
CNH Industrial N.V. (2023): New Holland debuts next generation of alternative fuel tractors with Methane Power CNG. Press release 26 September 2023, https://preview.thenewsmarket.com/Previews/CNHA/DocumentAssets/650635_v2.pdf, accessed on 15 March 2024
CNH Industrial Österreich GmbH (2023): STEYR brings hybrid technology closer to production. Press release 7 September 2023, https://preview.thenewsmarket.com/Previews/CNHA/DocumentAssets/648971.pdf, accessed on 15 March 2024
Deere & Company (2022): John Deere offers new Electric Variable Transmission for select 8 Series Tractors, new JD14X engine for 9 Series. Press release 3 March 2022, https://www.deere.com/en/news/all-news/electric-variable-transmission/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Deter, A. (2011): Energieunabhängiger Wasserstoff-Schlepper von New Holland. https://www.topagrar.com/technik/news/technik-news-energieunabhaengiger-wasserstoff-schlepper-von-new-holland-9383780.html, accessed on 15 March 2024
Duppong, S. A.; Kuhl, M.; Delvaux, O. (2019): Production System Optimization with Electrified Powertrain. In: 77th International Conference on Agricultural Engineering, VDI-MEG, 8–9 November 2019, Hanover, VDI Verlag GmbH, pp. 421-426, https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617
e-mobil BW GmbH (2022): Systemvergleich zwischen Wasserstoffverbrennungsmotor und Brennstoffzelle im schweren Nutzfahrzeug – Eine technische und ökonomische Analyse zweier Antriebskonzepte. https://www.e-mobilbw.de/fileadmin/media/e-mobilbw/Publikationen/Studien/e-mobilBW-Studie_H2-Systemvergleich.pdf, accessed on 21 August 2023
European Commission (2019): The European Green Deal, COM(2019) 640 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:b828d165-1c22-11ea-8c1f-01aa75ed71a1.0002.02/DOC_1&format=PDF, 11 December 2019, Brussels
European Commission (2023a): Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2019/1242 as regards strengthening of the CO2 emission performance standards for new heavy-duty vehicles and integrating reporting obligations, and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/956, COM(2023) 88 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:4a3b2136-ad3e-11ed-8912-01aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&format=PDF, 14 February 2023, Strasbourg
European Commission (2023b): Pricing agricultural emissions and rewarding climate action in the agri-food value chain. https://climate.ec.europa.eu/document/download/996c24d8-9004-4c4e-b637-60b384ae4814_en?filename=Pricing %20agricultural%20emissions%20and%20rewarding%20climate%20action%20in%20the%20agri-food%20value%20chain.pdf, November 2023, Luxembourg, https://doi.org/10.2834/200
FuelCellsWorks (2020): The First Hydrogen Tractor in the Netherlands. https://fuelcellsworks.com/news/the-first-hydrogen-tractor-in-the-netherlands/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Future Farming (2021): H2Trac sells first EOX hydrogen tractor to Almere City Farm in the Netherlands. https://hydrogen-central.com/h2trac-sells-first-hydrogen-tractor-netherlands/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Gubin, V.; Varlese, C.; Benedikt, F.; Konrad, J.; Müller, S.; Rosenfeld, D. C.; Hofmann, P. (2023): FCTRAC and BioH2Modul – A Way to Zero Emission Mobility in Agriculture. In: Heintzel, A. (eds) Antriebe und Energiesysteme von morgen 2022, ATZLive 2022, Proceedings, Wiesbaden, Springer Vieweg, pp. 86–104, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-41435-1_8
Karsten, B. (2023): Electric Fendt Tractor e100 goes into production. Future Farming. https://www.futurefarming.com/tech-in-focus/electric-fendt-tractor-e100-goes-into-production/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Koerhuis, R. (2022): JCB launches mobile hydrogen refueller. Future Farming. https://www.futurefarming.com/tech-in-focus/jcb-launches-mobile-hydrogen-refueller/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Konrad, J.; Varlese, C.; Junger, C.; Krizan, R.; Hofmann, P. (2023): Fuel cell electric tractor powered with biogenic hydrogen. In: 80th International Conference on Agricultural Engineering, VDI-MEG, 10-11 November 2023 in Hanover, VDI Verlag GmbH, pp. 49-55, https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181024270
Konrad, J.; Varlese, C.; Krizan, R.; Junger, C.; Hofmann, P.; Mayer, C. (2024): Fuel Cell Electric Tractor FCTRAC: Powertrain, Thermal System, Hydrogen Storage, and Performance. agricultural engineering.eu 79(3), https://doi.org/10.15150/ae.2024.3314
Lambert, F. (2016): John Deere unveils latest all-electric tractor prototype for zero-emission agriculture. Electrek, https://electrek.co/2016/12/05/john-deere-electric-tractor-prototype/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Moriarty, P.; Honnery, D. (2019): Prospects for hydrogen as a transport fuel. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44(31), pp. 16029–16037, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.04.278
Monarch Tractor (2022): Monarch Tractor Launches Production of Founder Series MK-V: The First Commercially Available Electric, Driver-Optional Smart Tractor. Press release 1 December 2022, https://www.monarchtractor.com/news/mk-v-first-commercially-available-electric-driver-optional-smart-tractor, accessed on 15 March 2024
Nöß, C.; Weller, J. (2023): A Fuel Cell Tractor in Operation, Concepts and Field Data. In: 80th International Conference on Agricultural Engineering, VDI-MEG, 10-11 November 2023 in Hanover, VDI Verlag GmbH, pp. 39-47, https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181024270
Padfield, E. (2009): NOW IN VIDEO: New Holland´s fuel cell tractor. Farmers Weekly, https://www.fwi.co.uk/news/environment/now-in-video-new-holland-s-fuel-cell-tractor, accessed on 15 March 2024
Pretsch, S.; Rothbart, M. (2020): Sustainable Agriculture in an Electrified World – Cradle-to-Grave evaluation of different propulsion systems. In: 78th International Conference on Agricultural Engineering, VDI-MEG, 3–4 November 2020, Düsseldorf, VDI Verlag GmbH, pp. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181023747
Profi (2022): Deere tests electric robot tractor. https://www.profi.co.uk/news/deere-tests-electric-robot-tractor/, accessed on 15 March 2022
Profi (2023): Agromec 700 Vario electric tractor: 205 electric horses. https://www.profi.co.uk/test-centre/205-electric-horses/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Sandaka, B. P.; Kumar, J. (2023): Alternative vehicular fuels for environmental decarbonization: A critical review of challenges using electricity, hydrogen, and biofuels as a sustainable vehicular fuel. Chemical Engineering Journal Advances 14, 100442, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100442
Scolaro, E.; Beligoj, M.; Perez Estevez, M.; Alberti, L.; Renzi, M.; Mattetti, M. (2021): Electrification of Agricultural Machinery: A Review. In: IEEE Access 9, pp. 164520-164541, https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3135037
Smits, M. (2023): Start-ups also focus on electric tractors. Future Farming. https://www.futurefarming.com/tech-in-focus/start-ups-also-focus-on-electric-tractors/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Steyr-Traktoren (2023): STEYR Expert CVT. TP01 / SM / 03.19. https://assets.cnhindustrial.com/steyr/assets/Agriculture/Products/Tractors/Expert%20CVT/Brochure/19s0001doo_expert_cvt_8-page_launchflyer_final_low.pdf, accessed on 21 August 2023
TUM (2023): New modular development kit for e-tractors. https://www.tum.de/en/news-and-events/all-news/press-releases/details/new-modular-development-kit-for-e-tractors, accessed on 15 March 2024
UNFCCC (2018): The Paris Agreement. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/parisagreement_publication.pdf, accessed on 11 March 2024
Van Hattum, B. (2024): New Holland presents 100 % electric T3 tractor. Future Farming, https://www.futurefarming.com/tech-in-focus/new-holland-presents-100-electric-t3-tractor/, accessed on 15 March 2024
Wendel, C. H. (1988): The Allis-Chalmers Story. Sarasota, Florida, Crestline Pub.
Downloads
Veröffentlicht
Zitationsvorschlag
Ausgabe
Rubrik
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2024 Christian Mayer, Jürgen Karner, Thomas Eberhart, Karl Huber, Johannes Konrad
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International.
